This blog contains the description on the phenomena in language, society, and culture
Tuesday, June 17, 2008
- Online College English Courses
On line Courses are now very popular. English as an international language is spoken by most of people in the world. Therefore mastering English becomes the main need for people who want to be able to communicate with other people from different countries in the world. In this modern era we can learn English in many ways. One of them is using the service of online college English Course. The following is the list which may help you give information on online colledge English Course.
English courses, ESL, Business English, TEFL, TESOL Online Courses Catch On in U.S. Colleges
The Internet Grammar of English
College Course Online
Online College Education,Distance Learning Courses,USA Schools ...Online College Education,
Learn basic English language courses for foreign students
Camden College of EnglishCourses:
UIC : English, Chinese French, Italian, Japanese Courses LondonEnglish Language School
- Learning Foreign Language
Learning foreign language is different from learning native language. Foreign language usually refers to the language spoken by foreign countries. There are some differences between foreign language learning and native language learning. Native language learning occurs at childhood time but foreign language learning happens at school age or adult time. The motivation of learning native language is high while the motivation of learning foreign language is low. The capacity to acquire language (LAD) in native language learning is strong but that in foreign language is not as strong as that of the native language. The Capability to make analysis, however, is high at adult time.
Monday, June 16, 2008
- "Tingkeb", the Culture of the Celebration of Pregnancy in Dukuhturi
Tingkeb is the culture of celebration of pregnancy done by the people living in Dukuhturi. Dukuhturi is a "dusun" (part of the village)which belongs to the district of Warureja, the regency of Tegal, the province of Central Java, Indonesia. Tingkeb is held when the pregnancy is seven months old, in the first pregnancy (for the first child) of a mother. In Dukuhturi, Tingkeb lasts for one day and one night. The neighbors an family come to the host by donating money or rice. At night the men are invited to pray to God in the pregnant woman's house. Lebe (the leader of Islamic religious matter in the village) reads the praying and the other people say Amiin. After ptaying, all of the programs of Tingkeb are over.
Friday, June 13, 2008
- ENGLISH LANGUAGE TEACHING SERIES : Integrating Tutorial Program and Performance Class
By: Syariful Muttaqin.
The teaching of English in the English Department of Brawijaya University has been continuously evaluated and redesigned in order to meet the increasing demand of the learned language in the modern world. Some improvements have been undertaken in the area of skill-course teaching. This is due to the belief that the stronger the students have acquired the basic language skills, the easier they will develop their language competence in the following semesters. The Intensive Course Program which integrates the four language skills (speaking, reading, listening, and writing) has been implemented to cope with the current situation for the freshmen of the English Department of Brawijaya University. The obstacles and problems in learning a language including the lack of practice, the minimum time of exposures, and the tightly scheduled teaching-learning process leading into boredom encountered inside and outside the classroom were taken into account to take some necessary actions to empower the existing resources. A tutorial program supervised by the senior students and a performance class run by the teachers were implemented in the attempt to solve the encountered language problems.
This paper is aimed to describe the implementation of Tutorial Program and Performance Class in the Intensive Course Program for the freshmen of the English Department of Brawijaya University in the academic year of 2004/2005. The freshmen are divided into two programs, Strata 1 and Diploma III.
The tutorial was implemented four times a week accompanying the regular classes. The program was designed for enrichment and remedial in which the activities varied in accordance with the lessons scheduled in the handbook, such as group discussions, role-plays, song appreciation, games, and independent study. All these activities were supervised by the senior students. In addition, Performance class was devoted to give students more opportunities to apply the language skills learned in more “real-life” situation during the ongoing programs. At the end of the intensive course program, the students were assigned to perform drama in groups based on the classes. The performance was really an opportunity to apply what they had previously learned. Besides, it was entertaining. Despite the fact above, there are still some rooms for improvement.
This paper is aimed to describe the implementation of Tutorial Program and Performance Class in the Intensive Course Program for the freshmen of the English Department of Brawijaya University in the academic year of 2004/2005. The freshmen are divided into two programs, Strata 1 and Diploma III.
The tutorial was implemented four times a week accompanying the regular classes. The program was designed for enrichment and remedial in which the activities varied in accordance with the lessons scheduled in the handbook, such as group discussions, role-plays, song appreciation, games, and independent study. All these activities were supervised by the senior students. In addition, Performance class was devoted to give students more opportunities to apply the language skills learned in more “real-life” situation during the ongoing programs. At the end of the intensive course program, the students were assigned to perform drama in groups based on the classes. The performance was really an opportunity to apply what they had previously learned. Besides, it was entertaining. Despite the fact above, there are still some rooms for improvement.
Thursday, June 12, 2008
- G.Method of the Research
Title:
AN ANALYSIS OF GRAMMATICAL ERRORS IN BILINGUAL TRANSLATION
G.Method of the Research
Uma Sekaran states that research can be conducted to obtain valid information which would help in solving management problems in organized effort to investigate a specific problem which needs a solution (1992:4). In addition, methodology is a science discussing the ways or strategies to develop and verify the correctness of the knowledge by using research method (Hadi, 1984: 4).
From both definitions of research and methodology, the writer tries to summarize them into the methodology of the research. The research methodology is the ways or strategies that are systematic and organized to solve a specific problem.
In this research, the writer uses the qualitative method which presents the data in non numeral and usually linguistic units in oral written form (Sellinger, 1990:201). In addition, Moleong states (2005:11) that the collected data is in a word form, picture and non-number. The data can be taken from interviewing, field note, picture or photograph, video tape, and memo. Therefore, the writer will use a descriptive qualitative research design because all observed data are language used by human beings and they are in a word form. Furthermore, based on the research methodology, the writer is going to arrange this research method on several subtitles, they are:
1. Population and Sample
In Encyclopedia of Educational Evaluation (Arikunto, 2002: 108), “a population is a set (or collection) of all elements possessing one or more attributes of interest”. In accordance with this research, the population is the fourth semester students of English Letters Department of Ahmad Dahlan University in 2006-2007 Academis Year on translation class. The total number of population is presented in the following table.
Table 1.1 The Population Distribution of Each Class
No Class Number of the Students
1. A 40
2. B 40
3. C 40
Total 120
If the researcher only analyzes a part of the population, she must use sample (ibid: 109). Hornby (1995: 1040) states that sample is a number of things or people chosen randomly from a larger group. According to Arikunto (2002: 112), the researcher is suggested to take all individuals when the number of population is the same as or less than 100. Furthermore, the researcher may take 10 – 15 % or 20 – 25 % or more of them if the number of population is more than 100.
In this study, the researcher takes the sample up to 35 % of the total population. Thus, the total number of the sample in this research is 42 students.
2.Method of Collecting Data
According to Arikunto (2002: 127-135), data collecting is the technique to collect the data. There are some research methods that can be used as the data collecting technique, such as: test, questionnaires, interview, observation, rating scale and documentation. While, Sudaryanto (1993:132) states that there are two methods of data collections in linguistic research, namely: metode simak (observation method) and metode cakap (interview method). Based on the methods above, the researcher uses observation and documentation method in collecting data.
Observation method (Metode simak) is applied to gather the data by observing the use of language (ibid: 133). In this method, the researcher selects teknik catat (noting technique) as its collecting technique.
Noting technique (ibid: 135) is technique which uses cards, books, notes, disk or other documents to analyze and to classify data of the research. Therefore, the researcher uses this technique. The researcher notes the data from the translation tasks of the fourth semester students of English Letters Department of Ahmad Dahlan University then she classifies them. The result of it is orthographic transcription because the data are in word form.
In documentation method (Arikunto, 2002: 206), the researcher uses some references such as books, newspapers, magazines, articles, memo and internet printing that are related with the quotation about the data either in words, phrases, clauses or sentences.
3. Method of Analyzing Data
After the data are collected, the next important step is analyzing the data. The goal of the data analysis is to summarize the data and to represent them to be better comprehensible, interpreted, or related to some decisions the user hopes to make (Krippendorf, 1980:109).
Data analysis is very important part in the research because in this part, all problems are solved with some systematic process. Then, the result can give the information whether the researcher can solve the problem of her questions or not. Therefore, the researcher must be able to find the suitable method and technique to solve her formulation of the problems.
The source of the data is the final examination work of translation class on the fourth semester students of English Letters Department of Ahmad Dahlan University in 2006/2007 academic year, and the data are language in words form, such as phrase, clause or sentence without number or graphic, so the descriptive qualitative method will be used in this research. Then, the data will be described systematically, factually, and accurately.
In relation with the methods above, the researcher uses the structural analysis method. According to Soepomo (unpublished: 13), Structural Analysis method is analyzing the linguistic units (the form of the research data), such as the structure of sentence, clause, phrase, phoneme, etc. The result of this analysis is the description and explanation of the system of the linguistic units.
In analyzing the grammatical errors in bilingual translation, the researcher reads and observes them carefully to find the linguistic units by using the structural analysis method and to analyze the grammatical arrangement in a language, it is suitable or not with the rule in translation process.
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